常見的低壓配電柜、高壓配電柜其實(shí)并不是單單指配電柜本身，它實(shí)際上是我們俗稱的成套設(shè)備，其實(shí)這種叫法是不準(zhǔn)確的，學(xué)名應(yīng)該是“成套配電裝置”。那么什么是成套配電裝置，它有哪些特點(diǎn)呢?什么是“成套配電裝置”?成套配電裝置是以斷路器為主的電氣設(shè)備;成套配電裝置是制造廠成套供應(yīng)的設(shè)備，由制造廠預(yù)先按照主接線的要求，將每一回路的電氣設(shè)備高低壓電器(包括控制電器、保護(hù)電器、測(cè)量電器、如斷路器、隔離開關(guān)、互感器等)以及母線、載流導(dǎo)體、絕緣子等，裝配在封閉或半封閉的金屬柜中，構(gòu)成各單元電路分柜，此單元電路分柜成為成套配電裝置。安裝時(shí)，按主接線方式，將各單元分柜(又稱間隔)組合起來(lái)，就構(gòu)成整個(gè)配電裝置。在電器成套設(shè)備中把母線、隔離開關(guān)(高壓)、刀開關(guān)(低壓)、斷路器(空氣開關(guān))、電壓互感器、電流互感器、電力變壓器、交流接觸器、保護(hù)繼電器(熱繼電器)、避雷器等組成的設(shè)備叫一次設(shè)備。由它們按照原理關(guān)系所組成的回路稱為一次回路或一次方案圖。

　　The common low-voltage distribution cabinet and high-voltage distribution cabinet actually refer not only to the distribution cabinet itself, but also to what we commonly call a complete set of equipment. In fact, this term is inaccurate, and the scientific name should be "complete set of distribution equipment". So what is a complete set of power distribution equipment and what are its characteristics? What is a 'complete power distribution device'? A complete power distribution system is an electrical equipment mainly composed of circuit breakers; A complete set of power distribution equipment is a set of equipment supplied by a manufacturing plant. The manufacturer pre assembles the high and low voltage electrical equipment (including control appliances, protection appliances, measuring appliances, such as circuit breakers, isolating switches, transformers, etc.), busbars, current carrying conductors, insulators, etc. of each circuit in a closed or semi closed metal cabinet according to the requirements of the main wiring, forming each unit circuit cabinet. This unit circuit cabinet becomes a complete set of power distribution equipment. When installing, according to the main wiring method, the various unit cabinets (also known as intervals) are combined to form the entire power distribution device. The equipment composed of busbars, isolating switches (high voltage), knife switches (low voltage), circuit breakers (air switches), voltage transformers, current transformers, power transformers, AC contactors, protective relays (thermal relays), lightning arresters, etc. in electrical equipment sets is called primary equipment. The circuit composed of them according to their principle relationship is called a primary circuit or a primary scheme diagram.

　　為了使一次系統(tǒng)能可靠、穩(wěn)定地運(yùn)行，隨時(shí)監(jiān)視一次系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，同時(shí)能隨時(shí)控制一次系統(tǒng)所必須配備許多其他電器元件及設(shè)備。如：測(cè)量?jī)x表(電流表、電壓表、功率因素表、功率表、頻率表等)、控制信號(hào)元件(信號(hào)燈、按鈕、轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)等)、繼電保護(hù)裝置等。由它們按照原理關(guān)系所組成的回路稱為二次回路或二次方案圖。

　　In order to ensure the safe, reliable, and stable operation of a primary system, it is necessary to monitor the system's operating status at any time and control it at any time by equipping it with many other electrical components and equipment. Such as measuring instruments (ammeter, voltmeter, power factor meter, power meter, frequency meter, etc.), control signal components (signal lights, buttons, universal transfer switches, etc.), relay protection devices, etc. The circuit composed of them according to their principle relationship is called a secondary circuit or a secondary scheme diagram.

　　成套設(shè)備主要分為：0.4kV、0.69kV、1.2kV低壓開關(guān)柜;3.6kV、7.2kV、12kV、24kV中壓開關(guān)柜(目前發(fā)展趨勢(shì))、40.5kV高壓開關(guān)柜，動(dòng)力箱(柜)、照明箱、控制箱(柜、臺(tái))、保護(hù)屏、直流屏等。

　　The complete set of equipment is mainly divided into: 0.4kV, 0.69kV, 1.2kV low-voltage switchgear; 3.6kV, 7.2kV, 12kV, 24kV medium voltage switchgear (current development trend), 40.5kV high voltage switchgear, power box (cabinet), lighting box, control box (cabinet, platform), protection screen, DC screen, etc.

　　高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備：主要用于發(fā)電、輸電、配電和電能轉(zhuǎn)換的高壓開關(guān)以及和控制、測(cè)量、保護(hù)裝置、電氣聯(lián)結(jié)(母線)、外殼、支持件等組成的總稱。

　　High voltage switchgear: a general term for high-voltage switches mainly used for power generation, transmission, distribution, and energy conversion, as well as control, measurement, protection devices, electrical connections (busbars), enclosures, supports, and other components.

　　開關(guān)柜防護(hù)要求中的“五防”：

　　The "five protections" in the protection requirements for switchgear:

　　防止誤分誤合斷路器/防止帶電分合隔離開關(guān)/防止帶電合接地開關(guān)/防止帶接地分合斷路器/防止誤入帶電間隔。

　　Prevent accidental opening and closing of circuit breakers/prevent energized opening and closing of isolation switches/prevent energized closing of grounding switches/prevent grounded opening and closing of circuit breakers/prevent accidental entry into energized compartments.

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